Appointment and qualification of shift boss and mining foreman 46. Underground mine automation underground mining solutions abb. Underground mining methods are usually employed when the depth of the deposit andor the waste to ore ratio stripping ratio are. Heat exchanges can eliminate or reduce the need for. Rock blasting in underground mining pdf free download. The source of these gases are equipment that runs on diesel engines, blasting with explosives, and the orebody itself. Mining ventilation automation principles and design mathematical modeling of the mine. Ventilation of any underground mine is a process of identifying the potential hazards from a mining system and implementing a ventilation system that ensures the health and safety of the mine worker. This requirement is integrated into the mining law of those nations who possess that type of legislation. The corresponding patterns of airflow through those openings are also highly variable. Mcpherson 3 now, while the temperature of the mass of rock surrounding the shaft may change relatively slowly with time, the air temperature at the shaft entrance can change from hour to hour and, especially, between day and night. This is a loose term implying any fatal gas in a mine after an explosion or fire. Abcs vane axial fans, controls and supporting hardware are engineered, designed and selected for underground mining and tunneling use. In ontario, about 18,000 people work in about 40 active underground mines.
Guidance about underground air quality and ventilation. Minerals and mining health, safety and technical regulations, 2012 l. Underground mineshaft compartments with noneffective ventilation and heat output from mining facilities form an unfavourable microclimate that negatively affects the efficiency of work and the. Apr 20, 2017 underground mine ventilation meaning underground mine ventilation definition underground mine ventilation explanation. Diesel particulate matter, dpm, is a primary contaminant found in underground mining. In mining ventilation systems axial fans may be applied to exhaust or in discharge configuration and proper technology may be used to satisfy required specifications. Niosh is actively researching ventilation layouts to help the underground stone industry meet and surpass diesel particulate matter dpm regulations to protect the health of workers. Basic ventilation system underground where d is a ventilation door or airlock. Mine ventilation an overview page 2 revolution, the working of seams rich in methane gas, inadequate ventilation, furnaces located in methaneladen return air and the open flames of candles. This requires a number of separate circuits off the main roadways known as ventilation splits. There are many graphic descriptions of methane and coal dust explosions, the suffering of mining communities, the heroism of rescue at. When examining mine ventilation plans and maps check to ensure that the elements required by 30 cfr 57. Split mine ventilation is a mine wide ventilation method designed to deliver the bulk of the main mine fans airflow to the last open crosscuts near.
To this end, a number of new advances have been made to benefit the engineer in achieving this goal. Some approaches to improve the ventilation system in underground. Introduction adequate workplace ventilation is an important engineering method for controlling airborne contaminants. In this chapter, we shall define fan pressures and examine some of the basic theory of fan design, the results of combining fans in series and parallel configurations, the theory of fan testing and booster fan installations. Methods to improve eficiency of mine ventilation systems.
As this is written, belt conveyors are beginning to make their appearance in metal mines as a part of the underground transportation system, and an increasing number probably will be installed during the next few years. The main objective of an underground mine ventilation system is clear. Airway any passage in a mine along which an air current moves. Ventilation hazards in underground mines workers in underground mines are at risk of developing occupational disease. Underground mine automation underground mining solutions.
Most gassy mines now use some degree of gas predrainage of the seam being worked which greatly reduces the gas to be dealt with during longwall extraction. Ventilation is used to dilute dpm below regulatory levels. Pdf modelling of okaba underground coal mine ventilation. Our serpent ventilation system has been tried and tested in hundreds of underground installations. Introduction to mine ventilating principles and practices cdc. The panel was established under section 11 of the mine improvement and new emergency response miner act of 2006. Introduction practically every underground opening is unique in its geometry, extent, geological surroundings, environmental pollutants and reasons for its formation natural or manmade. Explosion evaluation of mine ventilation stoppings permanent stoppings are utilized to control and direct the ventilation air flow through underground coal mines to dilute and render harmless methane, entrained coal dust, and other contaminants at the working face and other areas of the mine. This guideline is issued to assist in the understanding of underground ventilation in metalliferrous mines and provide guidance on essential design aspects and operating practice.
Ventilation basic mining processterminology underground coal. Efficient ventilation of underground mines consists in having such complete control of air currents that there is always supplied at places where men work sufficient moving air to allow working at maximum capacity without injury to health. Airflow sensitivity assessment based on underground mine. Obtaining a universal, repeatable protocol for determining airflow quantities. Underground mine ventilation provides a flow of air to the underground workings of a mine of sufficient volume to dilute and remove dust and noxious gases typically no x, so 2, methane, co 2 and co and to regulate temperature. The system is composed of highly efficient, lownoise fans and durable pvccoated. Ventilation pdf files you can use in your safety training programs. We have extensive global underground mine engineering and operating experience across most major commodities and mining methods.
Ventilation planning and design of the omerler b mine. The underground mining commenced in 1989 and followed a slightly subvertical ore body to the depth of approximately download pdf 1. Underground mining operations rely on ventilation systems to ensure adequate heating and cooling throughout varying seasonal conditions. Provide technical skills and research insights for mining ventilation control. If it is being coursed directly to the returns, there. Subsurface ventilation engineering textbook srk consulting. Ventilation gas control the ability to provide adequate ventilation to a longwall panel can be a major factor in the success of an installation, especially in gassy conditions.
Every underground coal mining section in the united states operates under a mshaapproved mine ventilation plan, which contains provisions for methane and dust control, as specified in 30 cfr 75. The redeemer gold mine is a sublevel caving gold operation located in western australia. Thanks in large part to the efforts by john chadwick of the mining journal, and many other members of the mining community, the hard rock miners handbook has been distributed to over 1 countries worldwide. Panel on the utilization of belt air and the composition and fire retardant properties of belt materials in underground coal mining.
Worksafe new zealand approved code of practice ventilation in underground mines and tunnels acknowledgements this material has been developed by worksafe new zealand in collaboration with an independent group of new zealand, australian and uk mining experts and practitioners, to ensure that the approach to health. Establishing total airflow requirements for underground. Superior quality, performance and reliable ventilation products start by. Underground shops first, examine what is being done with the underground shop air. Unesco eolss sample chapters civil engineering vol. Through a natural heat exchange, heat or cold is captured and stored underground for use at a later point to meet ventilation needs. Ventilation safety training pdf files mine safety and. Control of underground mine ventilation system 187. Epiroc offers a complete ventilation solution for tunneling and underground mining operations, including system design and installation of fan stations and ducting. Large roomandpillar stone mines in the united states represent a major sector of mines in the noncoal mining industry.
The underground mining platform achieved a turnover of zar 10. Ventilation of any underground mine is a process of identifying the potential hazards from a mining system and implementing a ventilation system that ensures the. Ultimately, the determination of the amount of airflow required for an underground mining operation or other subsurface facility can depend on several factors, including the equipment fleet, ambient temperature, rock type, mining method and airway type or use. Agnew gold mine expansion mine ventilation evaluation using ventsim e. Some approaches to improve the ventilation system in underground potash mines i. Safe and reliable underground mining equipment, systems, infrastructure and services for all your needs. Pdf modelling of okaba underground coal mine ventilation system. Manager or mine captain not to act as shift boss or mining foreman. To maintain adequate ventilation through the life of a mine, careful advance ventilation planning is essential. When any ore body lies a considerable distance below the surface, the amount of waste that has to be removed in order to uncover the ore through surface mining becomes prohibitive, and underground techniques must be considered. The dust control portion of the ventilation plan is specifically developed by the mine operator for each section in the mine and approved by the.
Mine ventilation is a crucial factor for the sake of underground. The methodology of mine ventilation planning and design in. R is a mine regulator and 1, 2, 3 are working places with a surface exhaust fan. Mines, tunnels and quarries require fans and blowers for ventilation or exhaust gas systems. For example, dieselpowered equipment is important in many mining systems, and fresh air is required both for combustion and to dilute exhaust contaminants. Underground mine design, planning, and engineering srk.
Methods to improve efficiency of mine ventilation systems. To identify risks to worker health and safety and to work with employers and workers on reducing those risks to provide more information to employers and to workers and their representatives about risks at the sector level. Conveyor systems have come into common use in coal mines during the past decade. Strength of the hanging wall, footwall, and ore body. Oct 17, 2017 atlas copco usa is a leading provider of compressed air and vacuum equipment in the united states, providing important industrial tools for a number of construction and mining needs. Ventilation 1 background the main objective of an underground mine ventilation system is clear. Yamatomi encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 2. A properly designed mine ventilation system can remove contaminants from the atmosphere or dilute the contaminants in the atmosphere to safe levels. Classification of underground mining methods mineral production in which all extracting operations are conducted beneath the ground surface is termed underground mining.
At abc ventilation systems we understand there is a direct connection between raw materials and finished products. Glossary of mining terminology after damp gasses resulting from underground combustion, normally carbon monoxide. Ventilationgas control introduction underground coal. Underground ventilation metalliferrous mines guideline 199 k b. Ventilation is an important consideration in underground mining. The atmosphere underground is limited and confined, and is thus readily reduced to a sub. Underground mine ventilation meaning underground mine ventilation definition underground mine ventilation explanation. High pressure axial fans blow air into ducts, tunnels and underground passages. Separate health and safety standards for coal mining. Where there is more than one location where mining is being carried out, legislative requirements and good mining practice require that no air used to ventilate one working location can be used to ventilate another. When one and onehalf percent or more methane is present in a working place or an intake air course, including an air course in which a belt conveyor is located or an area where mining equipment is being installed or removed, only work necessary. Basic ventilation system underground where d is a ventilation door or airlock, r is a mine regulator and 1, 2, 3 are working places with a surface exhaust fan.
Brake and others published the importance of underground mine ventilation find, read and cite all the research you. Mine fans and tunnel ventilation radial and axial fans. Mining industry response to the book continues to be incredible. Underground ventilation metalliferrous mines guideline. Pdf ventilation planning and design of the omerler b mine. Abb is the only provider of complete mine hoists, both mechanical and electrical parts, of all types including friction, single and double drum mine hoists as well as shaft equipment. Split mine ventilation of the three ventilation methods, split mine ventilation is the simplest in terms of layout and design, as the mine is split into separate intake and exhaust sides. Our innovative and rigorous methodology maximizes your projects economic benefits. Atlas copco usa is a leading provider of compressed air and vacuum equipment in the united states, providing important industrial tools for a number of construction and mining needs.
Mining in the future english pdf article abb abilitytm ventilation optimizer english mp4 movie underground mine automation illustration english pdf drawing ventilation optimizer english pdf drawing abb smartventilation english pdf brochure mining and mineral processing industries solutions from mine to market. In addition to the obvious requirement of providing fresh air for those working underground, there are other demands. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Here we do not discuss the accidents such as fires, traffic casualties, ventilation, water, electricity problems, and. The provision of high ventilating pressures by the use of large surface fans andor underground booster fans is becoming more frequent, but this entails high capital and operating costs and is not always an option in seams liable to spontaneous combustion. Atlas copcos serpent ventilation fans are specific to underground mining and tunneling projects.
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